In the body, iodine (I) is involved primarily in the synthesis of 2
thyroid hormones, thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). Iodine
occurs in the environment and in the diet primarily as iodide. In
adults, about 80% of the iodide absorbed is trapped by the thyroid
gland. Most environmental iodine occurs in seawater as iodide; a small
amount enters the atmosphere and, through rain, enters ground water
and soil near the sea. Thus, people living far from the sea and at
higher altitudes are at particular risk of deficiency. Fortifying
table salt with iodide (typically 70 μg/g) helps ensure adequate
intake (150 μg/day). Requirements are higher for pregnant (220 μg/day)
and lactating (290 μg/day) women.*
*The Merck Manuals
Section: Nutritional Disorders
Subject: Mineral Deficiency and Toxicity
Topics:Introduction· Chromium· Copper· Fluorine·Iodine· Iron·
Manganese· Molybdenum· Selenium· Zinc
Last full review/revision August 2008 by Larry E. Johnson, MD, PhD
Content last modified August 2008
http://www.merckmanuals.com/
thyroid hormones, thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). Iodine
occurs in the environment and in the diet primarily as iodide. In
adults, about 80% of the iodide absorbed is trapped by the thyroid
gland. Most environmental iodine occurs in seawater as iodide; a small
amount enters the atmosphere and, through rain, enters ground water
and soil near the sea. Thus, people living far from the sea and at
higher altitudes are at particular risk of deficiency. Fortifying
table salt with iodide (typically 70 μg/g) helps ensure adequate
intake (150 μg/day). Requirements are higher for pregnant (220 μg/day)
and lactating (290 μg/day) women.*
*The Merck Manuals
Section: Nutritional Disorders
Subject: Mineral Deficiency and Toxicity
Topics:Introduction· Chromium· Copper· Fluorine·Iodine· Iron·
Manganese· Molybdenum· Selenium· Zinc
Last full review/revision August 2008 by Larry E. Johnson, MD, PhD
Content last modified August 2008
http://www.merckmanuals.com/
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